El grado de alfabetismo en salud posiblemente influye paulatinamente en la salud oral como la salud general de las personas
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La salud oral y la calidad de vida de los niños preescolares se ve influenciada mayormente por el alfabetismo funcional en salud de quienes los cuidan, sin embargo la evidencia científica es escaza e inconsistente. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de alfabetismo funcional de los padres o tutores y su relación con la calidad de vida de los niños a su cargo. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal. La muestra fue de 77 representantes legales con sus respectivos niños de 3 a 5 años de edad de la Unidad Educativa “La Providencia” en Quito. Los representantes respondieron la encuesta SOHLS (Spanish Oral Health Literacy Scale) para medir el nivel de alfabetismo funcional en odontología y el ECOHIS-Ec (Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale, versión Ecuador) para evaluar la calidad de vida en relación a la salud oral (CVRSB) previo consentimiento informado, mientras que en los niños se examinó clínicamente la presencia de Biofilm con el Indice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S) y caries dental usando los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se realizó pruebas de Kruskall Wallis, U Mann Whitney con un nivel de significancia ≤0,05 y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: La escolaridad del tutor, el ingreso familiar, la frecuencia de cepillado dental, la presencia de ceod y de biofilm mostraron significancia (p≤0,05) con respecto a las puntuaciones del SOLHS y al ECOHIS-Ec, además la correlación de Spearman del SOHLS con respecto a la CVRSB fue rho= -0,479. Conclusiones: Existió una correlación entre el alfabetismo funcional de los padres o cuidadores y la CVRSB de los niños, además la severidad de la caries y la presencia de biofilm deficiente estuvo asociada a un impacto negativo en la CVRSB y a un bajo alfabetismo funcional en Odontología.
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