Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome associated with sars cov 2 disease in pediatric patients in Latin American countries A systematic review.

Abstract

Introduction: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome associated with Covid-19 is considered a life-threatening complication, post-COVID-19, characterized by a pro-inflammatory state affecting several organ systems of variable severity. Most of the literature published in this regard is of Anglo-Saxon origin, so it became necessary to investigate the literature reported in Latin America's Spanish and Lusophone languages.

Methods: An observational, descriptive study was developed. Scientific research articles carried out with the pediatric population of Spanish-speaking and Lusophone countries were taken as sources of information, with an analytical, descriptive design of case series. Systematic reviews, case reports, and paid articles were removed. Clinical and laboratory manifestations were taken as results of interest and the treatment of PIMS.

Results: 15 investigations carried out in Latin American countries were included. with a total population of 305 pediatric patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome associated with Covid 19 (PIMS). Clinical manifestations: fever (80% to 100%), abdominal pain (36%-100%), diarrhea (39%-100%), vomiting (40%-100%), rash (47%-100 %), conjunctival injection (27%-100%), shock (10%-100%), Kawasaki-like disease (59%-100%), neurological manifestations (25%-60%), cardiovascular: stroke pericardial me (17%-40%), ventricular dysfunction (30%-50%). Analytical manifestations: leukocytosis, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia; increased acute phase reactants (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, serum ferritin), increased D-dimer and fibrinogen. General treatment: treatment of shock, stabilizing hemodynamics, ABC algorithm (A: airway management; B: ventilation; C: circulation. Specific treatment: intravenous immunoglobulins and/or corticosteroids; empirical antibiotic therapy, acetylsalicylic acid, at anti-inflammatory or antiplatelet doses, and low molecular weight heparins Management of complications.

Conclusions: In the Spanish-speaking and Lusophone-speaking countries of Latin America, the clinical and analytical presentation and management of pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with Covid-19; they do not differ from the descriptions in the Anglo-Saxon literature.