Flexural Strength of Photopolymerizable Resins for 3D Printers and PMMA-Based Resins. An In Vitro Study
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Abstract
Flexural strength is a key factor in the selection of provisional dental materials, as it directly influences their clinical performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of light- curable resins for 3D printers and PMMA-based resins. Methodology: Two experimental groups of 10 samples each were formed: Group A (PMMA resins) and Group B (3D printing resins). The samples in Group A were fabricated using a condensation silicone matrix and a flask, following the manufacturer’s instructions. The samples in Group B were designed using Meshmixer software and arranged in Photon Workshop 6.4 DLP 3D with a 0° orientation. Printing was performed on a DLP printer, model Photon Ultra (Anycubic, Hong Kong- China). Subsequently, the samples were washed with 90% isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes, as per the manufacturer’s recommendations. For post-curing, a curing chamber designed in a faculty project was used, applying a power of 45 watts and a wavelength of 400 to 470 nm for 16 minutes. Finally, the three-point bending test was conducted following ISO 4049:2009 standards. The results were analyzed using the statistical software BioStat 5.3 (Brazil) with Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). Results: The average flexural strength values obtained were 105.18 MPa for PMMA-based resins and 103.02 MPa for 3D printing resins, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Both materials meet the minimum requirement of 50 MPa established by ADA-ANSI No. 27, indicating that they possess adequate strength for use in provisional restorations. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the clinical viability of both materials in dentistry. Further research is recommended to evaluate flexural strength considering factors such as cementation on teeth, sample geometry, printing orientation, and post-curing protocols, as these aspects may influence the results obtained.
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