Single institution experience for the treatment of venous vascular malformations in children
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Abstract
Introduction: Venous type vascular malformation is one of the most frequent types of congenital vascular lesion and can appear in any tissue of the body. The estimated incidence of 1 to 5 in 10,000 births and a prevalence of 1%. The aim of this paper is to present the results and discuss the management of a series of cases of venous-type vascular malformations in various anatomical parts in children performed at a single institution.
Methods: The medical records of patients treated for venous-type vascular malformations between 2021 and 2023 were reviewed. Age at diagnosis, sex, symptoms, affected area, lesion size, type of treatment, duration of treatment, response to treatment, complications were taken into account. Results: 4 patients were included, median age was 5.5 years (1 - 10 years). The affected areas were neck, wrist, hand, knee and glans penis. The size of the lesions ranged from 1 to 8 cm in height and 1 to 6 cm in width. Three patients (75%) received sclerotherapy, with an average of 2.3 sessions (2-3 sessions) with an average interval between each session of 11 months (8-16 months) and one patient (25%) underwent surgical resection. One patient (25%) had a minor complication. All patients who received sclerotherapy presented aesthetic improvement and reduction of lesion size, and the patient who received surgical treatment has not presented recurrence. Conclusion: The treatment of venous vascular malformations in children remains a challenge, which should be managed by a multidisciplinary team, with knowledge in the use of multiple therapies available, it seems that sclerotherapy performed with polidocanol and bleomycin is a safe option for children as well as surgical resection as appropriate.
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